The essence of a conservation easement as a static perpetual restriction is coming to a head with the understanding that the world is a changing place. This demonstration is nowhere more dramatic than in the context of global climate change. In response to this conflict, users of conservation...

In adaptation literature, relatively little attention is paid to the role of basic environmental law instruments such as environmental quality standards, environmental permits and environmental impact assessments in adaptation law. In this chapter, I have reviewed the three roles these basic...

The relationship between desirable economic growth and environmental degradation is complex. The international community began to negotiate responsibility for the issue of global climate change twenty-one years ago. This paper suggests that the environmental Kuznets' hypothesis may provide a...

Climate change is an inevitable consequence of human greenhouse gas emissions. Without substantial changes in anthroprogenic causes of climate change, there will be severe negative impacts on our planet. Complete abolition of greenhouse gas emissions, however, is not possible nor will it...

This article explains pollution and water pollution in detail. The marine pollution is of three kinds - the land based, air based and by maritime transportation. The land-based pollutants are industrial wastes from the discharged untreated waters of the industries, fertilizer and pesticide run...

One of the most longstanding narratives in environmental law and politics is the alleged necessity of choosing between development and environment. The narrative, based on conventional development, has a built-in zero-sum game — development or environment. A competing narrative, which has been...

What are the best climate change tax policies for governments with relatively small open economies such as the Canadian one? This chapter assesses recent Canadian government climate change tax policy initiatives, discusses the merits of carbon taxes versus cap and trade solutions then considers...

One of the most difficult challenges facing public land managers today is how to address climate change in a meaningful way when making decisions affecting public lands. This problem is largely the product of the high levels of uncertainty surrounding climate change and the potential...

Given the high levels of greenhouse gases already in the atmosphere and the likelihood of growing emissions in the future, even aggressive limits on greenhouse gas emissions might ultimately fail to prevent dangerous climate disruptions. To prepare for this risk, some scientists have started to...

Federal action addressing climate change is likely to emerge either through new legislation or via the U.S. EPA’s authority under the Clean Air Act. The prospect of federal action raises important questions regarding the interconnections between federal efforts and state-level climate policy...