In what follows we outline briefly the Credit Support Annex and how it impacts securities pricing. We then proceed to discuss synthetic forward rate calculation and the FX forward invariance relationship from which we show how to calculate CSA collateral adjusted discount factors using GBP...

In this paper we discuss the continued transition of financial markets towards trade standardization and the clearing of transactions, outlining the role of central clearing counterparties CCPs in reducing systemic and idiosyncratic risk. We contrast this with a discussion on bespoke non-cleared...