European competition law is complicated. The line between permitted and prohibited is often not clear when navigating the grey zones of the ban on cartels. To better cope with the legal risk, companies often seek internal or external legal advice. Incorrect advice however raises the question of...

On 26 January 2015, the European Commission requested the Informal Company Law Expert Group (ICLEG) to consider the issue of digitalisation of company law and two members, Vanessa Knapp and Jesper Lau Hansen, were charged with producing a response on behalf of the Group. The report begins with...

The alleged manipulation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) by large number of banks is currently under investigation by regulators in Europe and the US. Various lawsuits are adding to the evidence of LIBOR rigging that first emerged from a settlement between Barclays Bank and the...

The European Commission has recently released a Proposal for a Regulation on market abuse, to increase investor confidence and market integrity in European capital markets law. One of its most innovative elements involves allowing Member States to provide financial incentives to whistleblowers...

This paper explores the “optional instrument” as a regulatory tool in European private law. The term “optional instrument” or “28th Regime” refers to supranational corporate forms, legal titles or legal instruments which provide an alternative model for doing business throughout the...

The reform of the Transparency Directive is presently on the political agenda, with one of the key questions focussing on the level of harmonisation: Should the current minimum harmonisation be retained or is a move towards full harmonisation advisable? After confirming legal competence for the...

The European Commission has recently released a Proposal for a Regulation on market abuse, to increase investor confidence and market integrity in European capital markets law. One of its most innovative elements involves allowing Member States to provide financial incentives to whistleblowers...