This paper analyses how investor protection provided by the institutional setting in which a firm operates affects the quality of its board of directors. It also investigates whether firms operating in contexts with weaker investor protection rely more on internal corporate governance to prevent...

We argue that the effectiveness of corporate governance can best be assessed with reference to its ability to provide a positive outcome with respect to choices made by management or controlling shareholders. We use the curtailment of earnings management as a desirable and measurable outcome of...

The term “audit style” is used to characterize the unique set of internal working rules of each Big 4 audit firm for the implementation of auditing standards, and the enforcement of GAAP within their clienteles. Audit style implies that two companies audited by the same Big 4 auditor,...

The term “audit style” is used to characterize the unique set of internal working rules of each Big 4 audit firm for the implementation of auditing standards, and the enforcement of GAAP within their clienteles. Audit style implies that two companies audited by the same Big 4 auditor,...