We propose to assess the influence of a number of events on the degree of competition in the Dutch electricity wholesale market over the period 2006–2011 through a decomposition method based on the residual supply index. We distinguish regulatory market-integration events, firm-level events...

This paper examines a decade of retail competition in the Dutch electricity market and discusses market structure, regulation, and market performance. We find a proliferation of product variety, in particular by the introduction of quality-differentiated green-energy products. Product innovation...

Transmission networks are crucial for gas wholesale markets. In the past, the individual networks of transmission system operators (TSOs) determined market areas in the European Union, but driven by the prospect of higher liquidity in the wholesale market, welfare gains for society as well as...