Efficient cooperation, which has become common under rising economic globalization, is leading to new opportunities and challenges for enterprises choosing long-term competition strategies. Sharing resources with competitors is believed to weaken a firm's competitive edge. However, a potentially...

Purpose – This study proposes a process for remanufacturing waste electrical and electronic equipment, and exporting part of the remanufactured products, which are processed in bonded port areas, to less developed countries by using a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). The purpose of this paper...