We develop a duopoly model to analyze the impact of air transport and high-speed rail (HSR) competition on the environment and social welfare. We show that the introduction of HSR may have a net negative effect on the environment, since it may result in additional demand, i.e., there is a...

This paper analyzes the effects of cooperation between a hub-and-spoke airline and a high-speed rail (HSR) operator when the hub airport may be capacity-constrained. We find that such cooperation reduces traffic in markets where prior modal competition occurs, but may increase traffic in other...

While the existing literature has focused on the short-term impacts, this paper investigates the long-term impacts of high-speed rail (HSR) competition on airlines. An analytical model is developed to study how an airline may change its network and market coverage when facing HSR competition on...