We investigate a sample of 180 technology licensing contracts closed by German chemical, pharmaceutical, and electrical … design of licensing contracts, whereas inventor moral hazard and risk aversion of licensor or licensee seem to be irrelevant … licensing contracts. More specifically, profit sharing agreements or producer milestones were typically included into licensing …

. -- strategic entrepreneurship ; multi-level analysis ; intellectual property protection ; growth aspirations …

, socio-economic attributes, and start-up project characteristics that correlate with necessity entrepreneurship. …

Licensing in a patent thicket allows firms to either avoid or resolve hold-up. Firms' R&D incentives depend on whether … study firms' choice between ex ante and ex post licensing. The model shows that firms' relationships in product markets and … technology space jointly determine the type of licensing contract chosen. In particular, product market competitors are more …