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We use an “unexplained demand for cash” approach to measure the size of the shadow economy in Sweden. The size of the shadow economy is found to have increased from 3.8 to 6.5 per cent of GDP from 1990 to 2004. This result is also supported by our finding of an increased residual between...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003433703
We use an quot;unexplained demand for cashquot; approach to measure the size of the shadow economy in Sweden. The size of the shadow economy is found to have increased from 3.8 to 6.5 per cent of GDP from 1990 to 2004. This result is also supported by our finding of an increased residual between...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012728851
PurposeThis paper evaluates critically the assumption that the main reason for acquiring domestic services from the off-the-books economy is to save money. MethodologyData is reported from an Internet survey of 5,500 people living in households with one or more members in employment in the city...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013079392
We examine welfare effects of real-time pricing in electricity markets. Before stochastic energy demand is known … increase welfare since risk-averse consumers dislike uncertain and high prices arising through market power. In the Bertrand … case, welfare is the same with all or no consumers on smart meters. -- Electricity ; Real-time Pricing ; Market Power …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009666499
for such sharing and its ensuing welfare effects. We show that these incentives depend on the type of customer data and on … detrimental to consumer surplus, while the effect on social welfare can be positive. -- Customer Data Sharing ; Price …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009558236
negotiation model, we characterize the welfare impact of search frictions and quantify the role of search costs and brand loyalty …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011809443
This study explores the welfare impact of personalized pricing for consumers in a duopolistic two-sided market, with …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014490912
well as whether social welfare is enhanced or diminished, largely depends on the specific economic setting under …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013025793
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012847398
This paper studies the relationship between horizontal product differentiation and the welfare effects of third … and complementarity for price discrimination to improve social welfare. In particular, we show that price discrimination … can improve social welfare if firms' brands are substitutes in a market where the discriminatory price is higher and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013131357