We study cartel contracts using data on 18 contract clauses of 109 legal Finnish manufacturing cartels. One third of …

We study cartel contracts using data on 18 contract clauses of 109 legal Finnish manufacturing cartels whose legal … implications on how cartels deal with instability. Simplifying, we find that cartels economize on contract clauses, cartels in …

to Contract” in Anglo-American law. This repudiation of the legal principle known as sanctity of contract was highly … the nineteenth century, contract reached its apotheosis in the modern business corporation, whose complex webs of consent … “restraint of trade” and “unfair methods of competition.” Consequently, entire categories of contract were banned, while other …

pursuit of deterrence. Furthermore, an incentive-based bargaining scheme, namely an optimal contract reformation model based … on contract law, is proposed, which would facilitate the judge’s task in establishing damages and seeks to encourage … the proposed optimal reformation model on the basis of contract law …

Much of the recent history of intellectual property has been a move from status to contract, resulting in an unchecked …

In this article we study the relation between the quality of contract enforcement and R&D investment across countries …

Motivated by the differences in innovation intensity across countries, this paper evaluates the role of contract … enforcement for R&D investments. If contracts for inputs are incomplete and contract enforcement is weak, innovative companies can …

contract is a pre-agreed specification of behavior, which may be subsequently enforced by a third party. We study the effect of …