We develop an agent-based model of the competition between payment cards by focusing on the interactions between consumers and merchants determining the subscription and usage of cards. We find that after a short period of time the market will be dominated by a small number of cards, even though...

This chapter introduces an artificial payment card market in which we model the interactions between consumers, merchants and competing card issuers with the aim of determining the optimal pricing structure for card issuers. We allow card issuers to charge consumers and merchants fixed fees,...

This paper investigates the market structure of the payment card market with consumers and merchants basing their subscription decisions on various information sets.We find that the market structure depends crucially on this information set, where we observe that a market with few cards...

This paper investigates the competition between payment card issuers in an artificial payment card market. In the market we model the interactions between consumers, merchants and competing card issuers and obtain the optimal pricing structure for card issuers. We allow card issuers to charge...