Banks have access to different markets for credit risk transfer (CRT), including the credit derivative and the secondary loan markets. We investigate how and why a bank chooses among these markets to hedge the credit risk of a loan. We find that banks with capital and liquidity constraints are...

​Tracing the SEC ban on the short selling of financial stocks in September 2008, this paper investigates whether such selling activity before the 2008 short ban reflected financial companies' risk exposures in the subprime crisis. The evidence suggests that short sellers sold short stocks that...