The paper evaluates the impact of the guarantees provided by the Italian scheme Fondo di Garanzia on the access to credit for small and medium enterprises. The study exploits the mechanism that assigns the guarantees, which is based on a scoring system to assess eligibility. By using regression...

This paper outlines a framework based on microdata and a structural model to gauge credit risk in banks' exposures to non-financial firms. Sectoral risk factors are accounted for using a multi-factor model. We use expected and unexpected losses as indicators of credit risk stemming from the...

We analyse the impact of macroeconomic and monetary policy shocks on corporate credit risk as measured by firms' probabilities of default (PDs) for the four largest euro area countries. We estimate the impact of shocks on one-year PDs using local projections (LP). For the period 2014-19, we find...