This paper provides an alternative approach to Duffie and Lando (2001) for obtaining a reduced form credit risk model from a structural model. Duffie and Lando obtain a reduced form model by constructing an economy where the market sees the manager's information set plus noise. The noise makes...

This paper studies the default anomaly that has been documented in the literature. We show that after controlling for the default-risk premium the default anomaly disappears. In contrast, controlling for credit spreads does not fully eliminate the anomaly. We also relate our results to the IVOL...