A Cross Currency Swap (CCS) is a financial instrument that allows investors to exchange a set of cashflow liabilities for an equivalent set in another currency, often USD. Investors trade CCS to secure cheaper funding, hedge FX exposures, manage liquidity risk and of course for speculative...

In this paper we illustrate and explain the relationship between interest rates (or forward rates) and discount factors. We present the forward-discount factor relationship, which is popular and widely used in financial markets for yield curve construction, and derive the exact formulae using a...