In response to a question raised by Knox Lovell, we develop a method for estimating directional output distance functions with endogenously determined direction vectors based on exogenous normalization constraints. This is reminiscent of the Russell measure proposed by Färe and Lovell (J Econ...

In this paper we contrast the DEA and activity analysis approaches by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (1978) and Shephard (1970), respectively. We show that by appropriately normalizing Shephard's output price model the two approaches coincide. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 2002

In this paper we take up the problem of positive, affine data translation within a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) framework.