This paper investigates the impact of airline market structure on airport productivity, in which airlines are viewed as downstream users of an airport in a vertical airport–airlines structure. Our estimation is based on a sample of eleven major airports in Northeast Asia. A standard...

This study introduces a new scheme of data envelopment analysis (DEA) named cost gradient measure (CGM) to evaluate technical efficiency. In this model, we can obtain more cost conscious technical efficiency than those by other traditional DEA models such as CCR[7] and slacks-based measure (SBM)...