This study examines and decomposes dynamic changes in total factor carbon emissions performance within the transportation sector in China, incorporating the impact of regional heterogeneity. For this purpose, we combine the metafrontier approach with the non-radial Luenberger productivity...

This paper proposes the metafrontier non-radial Malmquist CO2 emission performance index (MNMCPI) for measuring dynamic changes in total-factor CO2 emission performance over time. The MNMCPI method allows for the incorporation of group heterogeneity and non-radial slack into the previously...

In this paper, we apply the so-called meta-frontier non-radial directional distance function approach to a performance analysis of 143 Chinese banks over the period 2006–13. We find that relative to the group frontier in each market segment, the Big-5 Chinese banks display good efficiency....