[16] and [17] establish a VIX futures and option pricing theory when modeling S&P 500 index by using a stochastic volatility process with asset return and volatility jumps. In this note, we prove that Lin and Chang's formula is not an exact solution of their pricing equation. More generally, we...

Using three option market measures, we find evidence from 28 countries/regions that the COVID-19-induced uncertainty is priced in the index exchange-traded funds (ETF) options market. Specifically, options that provide protection to hedge against price risk, variance risk, and tail risk...