established by Piketty (2001, 2003). The disappearance of capital income from the income tax base in many countries poses a major … including capital gains to 2010, and the series excluding capital gains to 2008. Second, we derive three homogeneous series by … simulating legislative definitions of capital income prevailing in Germany between 2001 and 2010. For both simulation and the …

firms' outsourcing activities to Eastern Europe are a response to a human capital scarcity in Austria and Germany which has … helped to ease the human capital crisis in both countries. We find that high skilled jobs transferred to Eastern Europe …

In the presence of financial frictions, banks' capital position may constrain their ability to provide loans. The … approaches. First, we use microeconomic balance sheet data from Germany and estimate banks' loan supply response to capital … equilibrium elasticity of bank loan supply with respect to bank capital. Although the targeted elasticity is remarkably different …

1978 to 1990. Using a quadratic cost function, six production factors are distinguished : capital, energy, three types of …

In this paper, substitutional relationships between capital, labour, material, electricity, and fossil fuels in German … the Morishima elasticity of substitution, labour and capital are substitutes in all sectors. Labour is generally a …

Cointegration analysis is applied to the linear combinations of the time series of (the logarithms of) output, capital … production factors capital, labor, and energy. We find that they are for labor much smaller and for energy much larger than the …