We experimentally explore the role of collective incentives in sustaining cooperation in finitely repeated public goods … in case total output falls short of a target. We fi nd that cooperation is higher in the case of collective punishment … the positive effect of collective incentives on cooperation …

correlate with expectations about cooperation by others among students and other demographic subgroups. However, we lack … knowledge about whether the effect of expected cooperation is causal and a general feature of populations. We fielded … a novel between-subjects experiment. The experiment varied expectations about cooperation by others. We find that higher …