In recent years, development policy has responded to an increasing concern about natural resource degradation by setting up innovative payment for environmental services (PES) programs in developing countries. PES programs use market and institutional incentives in order to meet both...

Forest loss and degradation remains a leading environmental problem. The long history of sustainable forest management has often failed to meet expectations - constrained by funding, governance, capacity and competing interests. Initiatives from the climate change policy arena are opening new...

Environmental protection and poverty alleviation in the developing world are usually heralded as joint objectives. However, these two goals are often associated with different sectoral policy instruments. While so-called payments for environmental services (PES) are increasingly being promoted...