The existing literature highlights the determinants of trade openness with disregard to the income classifications of countries in examining whether the determinants differ given their income levels. This study, therefore, re-examines the drivers of trade openness in Africa relying on panel data...

Using panel data from 2004 to 2012, we employ a two-step system GMM estimation technique, with robust standard errors, collapsed instruments and illus-trate marginal effects of central bank independence on financial development in Africa. We also examine the moderating roles of human capital,...

The insurance industry plays a substantive vitality in the growth of the economy. However, there is limited literature on the activities of the insurance industry and economic growth in Ghana. As one of the fastest-growing economies in sub-Saharan Africa before the global pandemic in 2020, there...