While past research on software platform has recognized the existence of cross-side network effects (CNEs) between the application side and the user side, little is known about the asymmetry between the CNEs of the two sides on each other. Informed by a perspective of complex adaptive systems,...

On peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms, the participation of professional sellers often creates competitive pressure on individual amateur sellers. However, the superior knowledge and expertise that professional sellers bring to the market may also indirectly benefit individual sellers through...