Using data on large and medium sized Austrian manufacturing firms this paper analyzes empirically in which way a high degree of export orientation and foreign production abroad, as two modes of serving foreign markets, are related to the growth performance of domestic production. Robust median...

There are two main options for companies to serve foreign markets: exports and foreign direct investment (FDI). Based on the Helpman, Melitz and Yeaple (2004) model for two host countries this paper derives a clear theoretical prediction for the decision between both strategies. A bivariate...

The overwhelming importance of multinational activities as well as the coexistence of exporters and multinationals within the developed countries demand for theoretical models which provide a convincing explanation of simultaneous two-way trade and horizontal multinational activities. We present...