This paper considers a partial equilibrium model of conflict where two rational and risk-neutral opponents conflict in order to appropriate a positive fraction of a stake. This paper is intended to extend the literature on conflict dealing with two main points: (1) the incentives to settle...

This paper considers a partial equilibrium model of conflict where two asymmetric, rational and risk-neutral opponents clash in order to redistribute a divisible prize in their favour. Differently from common contest models agents have the option of choosing a second instrument to affect the...

This work examines the relationship between national identity and conflict during international sporting tournaments and the impact of referees as an institutional countermeasure. The empirical analysis covers the FIFA World, Confederations and Under 20's World Cups and Olympic tournaments from...