This paper explores the role and impact of low-carbon certification in a duopolistic competitive market. We establish a model considering customers' green preferences and companies' low-carbon certification decisions under different states of the certification market. Results show that: (1)...

Nowadays most firms compete for multiple separate markets as opposed to a single market. Extant IO works mainly focus on these firms' cooperative behavior, assuming away their capacity constraints and studying the effect of potential multi-market retaliation upon these firms' collusive...