While a number of measures of openness have been used in empirical studies, none has a theoretical derivation. Using cge models of an economy, this paper derives a number of measures of opennesss which lie on the unit interval and have a welfare interpretation. One group of measure are...

This paper considers a neoclassical optimal growth problem where the shock that perturbs the economy in each time period is potentially unbounded on the state space. Sufficient conditions for existence, uniqueness and stability of equilibria are derived in terms of the primitives of the model...

This paper examines the Gini (1912) coefficient of concentration using the framework set out by Dalton (1920) for evaluating a measure of inequality. Particular attention is paid to limited distributions and the associated concept of 'perfect inequality'. It is argued that a rescaled version of...

The permanent income/life cycle hypothesis is tested using Australian data for periods covering the regulated and deregulated financial systems. The hypothesis is rejected for the entire sample period. Further investigation reveals that the rejection is confined to the period in which the...

This paper develops a model of the trade cycle based on the ideas if Nicholas Kaldor. The model is shown to generate an endogenous cycle in which the economy recovers from recession automatically even elthough the money wage is fixed.out technology.

Despite the pervasiveness of reciprocal behavior, it has received little attention in the economic literature. In this paper, I consider an evolutionary model of reciprocity. The main findings of this paper are that evolution can support reciprocal behavior for the fraction of population, which...