First, the current situation of the economic relations between Finland and Russia is described. Then the effects of future changes in Russia and its consequences for foreign relations are analysed. Key institutional changes under consideration are the enlargement of the EU, Russias likely...

The paper considers time series evidence on the relationships, and possible trade-offs, between productivity and employment, and on the impact of taxes in this connection. First, a theoretical model is built for an open economy leading to the identification of technology, non-technology and...

Using a neo-classical growth model, we analyse the real and nominal GDP per capita convergence of 21 emerging market economies (EMEs) of Central and Eastern Europe towards the EU15 average by 2050. We estimate the countries initial capital stocks and project future investment as a function of...

The paper considers time series evidence on the relationships, and possible trade-offs, between productivity and employment, and on the impact of taxes in this connection. First, a theoretical model is built for an open economy leading to the identification of technology, non-technology and tax...

We analyse the Sigma convergence (standard deviation divided by average) of purchasing power adjusted GDP per capita and GDP per hour worked in the European Union. We also link the development in income distribution as measured by Gini coefficients to convergence. With short pauses, there has...

We analyse the number of different HS8 products in the EU countries’ ex-ports in 1995–2015. We review what share, or coverage, of the total possible number of these products the countries exported each year. We analyse whether the development in this coverage rate as opposed to concentration...

This study analyses the trade of Hungary and the Czech Republic with the European Union in 1997.After a general introduction, the focus turns to the extent of intra-industry trade (IIT) and its horizontal and vertical components.The extent of IIT is also analysed in light of the flows of foreign...

We analyse trade between Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and the European Union during 1993-1998 using three methods.First, we calculate the share of intra-industry trade to determine the extent to which two countries trade in similar products.Second, we calculate similarity indices...

Economic relations between the European Union and the accession countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) were liberalised by Europe Agreements after the early 1990s. Free trade and investment have the potential of changing the structure of countries’ trade although with some restrictions...