The European Commission actively evaluates occupational entry restrictions in all member states. This has attracted a growing interest among scholars of the German crafts sector as it is governed by an idiosyncratic national set of rules. We estimate the effects of the deregulation of the German...

France and Germany are two polar cases in the European debate about rising youth unemployment. Similar to what can be observed in Southern European countries, a "lost generation" may arise in France. In stark contrast, youth unemployment has been on continuous decline in Germany for many years,...

This concept describes the background of discussions concerning the voational and academic education in Germany and Europe. In order to achieve political intended readability of degrees in the European Union the concept of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) is explained. With the...