This paper analyses region-level technical efficiency in the European Union over the 1995 to 2007 period. We propose the application of a nonparametric conditional frontier methodology to account for the presence of geographical externalities that are beyond the control of regional authorities....

Using a spatial systems estimator to incorporate spatial interactions and endogeneity of income levels and migration, this paper finds a positive effect of migration on cohesion within the European Union on the NUTS 2 level. As migration can generally be observed from low to high income regions,...