When regulated firms are offered compensation to prevent them from relocating, efficiency requires that payments be distributed across firms so as to equalize marginal relocation probabilities, weighted by the damage caused by relocation. We formalize this fundamental economic logic and apply it...

When regulated firms are offered compensation to prevent them from relocating, efficiency requires that payments be distributed across firms so as to equalize marginal relocation probabilities, weighted by the damage caused by relocation. We formalize this fundamental economic logic and apply it...

In theory, market-based regulatory instruments correct market failures at least cost. However, evidence on their efficacy remains scarce. We evaluate the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) - the world's first and largest market-based climate policy. Using administrative data on...

Based on interviews with 429 manufacturing firms in six European countries, this study explores the rationality of trading behavior in the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). We find that banking from one year to the next is used by most firms. Equally, a large majority of...

This article reviews the recent literature on ex-post evaluation of the impacts of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) on the industrial and power sectors. We summarize the findings from original research papers pertaining to three broadly defined outcome categories, namely CO2...