This working paper uses machine learning to identify Cleantech companies in the Orbis database, based on self-declared business descriptions. Identifying Cleantech companies is challenging, as there is no universally accepted definition of what constitutes Cleantech. This novel approach allows...

The EIF VC Survey and the EIF Private Equity Mid-Market Survey (the largest combined regular survey exercises among General Partners on a pan-European level) provide an opportunity to retrieve unique market insights. This publication is based on the results of the 2023 VC Survey, conducted by...

The aim of this work is to investigate the drivers of productivity evolution in the European life insurance industry in the aftermath of the enforcement of the Third Directive. We apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to a panel of 602 life insurance companies operating in five European...