This article discusses two elements that the draft EU Directive on actions for damages treats only perfunctorily. The first concerns lucrum cessans or the quantity effect which is found to be of a relatively higher magnitude than the price effect. The second concerns the difficulties of...

The article critically examines the European Commission's decision in the four-to-three merger between Telefónica Deutschland and E-Plus. Despite the explicit recognition of the importance of vertical effects in the telecommunications sector more generally as exemplified by the European...

Die politische Zielsetzung der Klimaneutralität im Jahr 2050 bedarf einer effizienten Umsetzung. Das europäische Zertifikatesystem (EU-ETS) ist dazu allerdings nicht in der Lage und wird mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit die notwendige Ausdehnung auf den Transportsektor und die privaten...

This paper critically reviews the European Commission's proposed Directive on future rules concerning actions for damages for competition law infringements under national law. It is argued that the proposal underestimates the importance of loss of profits induced by increased prices and does...

In the context of its ambitious State Aid Modernisation work, the European Commission presented new guidelines on Rescue and Restructuring (R&R) aid in 2014. In this paper the consequences for generic R&R aid and in particular the balancing test for State aid proposed by the guidelines are...

This essay explores the scope of the European Commission's power to impose remedies in cases of abuse of a dominant position under Article 82 of the Treaty establishing the European Community. After introductory remarks regarding the legal basis and objectives of remedies, we delineate the...

The organisational form and potential harm caused by cartels are fundamentally dependent on the parameters of the coordination. In contrast to classical price cartels, where prices are coordinated and monitored, market allocation cartels permit cartelists to set prices independently....