In its judgment of May 28, 2020, CK Telecoms UK Investments Ltd v. Commission, the EU General Court (GC) has made several fundamental observations on the construal of the SIEC-test with regard to horizontal mergers. The GC embraces a more economic approach, while tightening the standard of...

This article makes two primary contributions to the antitrust literature. First, it identifies the dynamic interrelationship across antitrust institutions. Second, it provides new empirical evidence from practitioner surveys to explore how the dynamic institutional interrelationship plays out in...

Merger remedies are an area of increasing complexity around the world. They are also an area of increased focus by competition authorities both with regard to process (particularly coordination) and substance. Mergers in high technology (high tech) markets remain an area in which there seems to...

More than ninety jurisdictions have some form of merger control regime under their antitrust or competition laws. Numerous other jurisdictions lack a formal merger control mechanism, but reserve the right to review and challenge mergers under their general competition laws, sector-specific laws,...

The European Union is perhaps the most advanced area in terms of mobile telecommunications penetration. It is within this context that third generation (3G) spectrum licenses for mobile phones have become such an important issue in European regulation, finance, and politics. This article...

The regulatory sandbox model has proven to be relatively effective in reducing regulatory uncertainty and improving investment and innovation outcomes. The antitrust regulatory sandbox is generally a success, even if at the margins there are important changes that can be made. The problem with...