ambitiousness of EU policies. Stemming not exclusively from a turn in the international environment, the learning process of the …

This chapter looks into the impact of EU membership on the carbon intensity of EU11 economies since joining the EU. EU … membership boosted foreign trade and FDI, leading to a rapid re-industrialization of EU11 and making them the fastest converging … group of upper-middle-income countries in the world. Nevertheless, EU11 economies maintained their previously established …

analyse the 2004 and 2007 EU enlargements in a sub-sectoral panel with data on almost all EU member states from 1995 to 2015 … integration into the EU has had insignificant effects on emission intensities. We also do not find evidence of within-EU pollution …

the EU. There is meanwhile a large quantitative literature on the economic effects of full integration of the associated … countries into the EU as well as on the Kyoto Protocol. However, there is a lack of quantitative research on the linkage of … trade and the environment in the context of the EU enlargement. In this paper we analyze the interactions of different …