Torfs, Wouter - 2023 - August 2023 update
This working paper elaborates on the most recent update of the EIF SME Access to Finance (ESAF) Index, a composite … from the war in Ukraine on European SMEs' access to finance. For an extensive overview of the current state of SME … financing markets the reader is referred to the EIF's European Small Business Finance Outlook (Kraemer-Eis et al., 2023). The …