During times of crisis, governmental interventions leave lasting impacts on the structure of financial markets. The twin economic crises of the 21st century – the 2008 financial crisis and the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic – illustrate both the depth of the policy response and the instability that...

The U.S. banking holiday of March 1933 was a pivotal event in 20th century political and economic history. After closing the nation's banks for nine days, the newly inaugurated Franklin D. Roosevelt administration restarted the banking system as the first step toward national recovery from the...

This paper articulates a framework both for assessing the various government bailouts that took place at the onset of Great Recession and for guiding future rescue efforts when they become necessary. The goals for those engineering a bailout should be to be as transparent as possible, to...

Neil Komesar's work has transformed our understanding of how institutional analysis should be done. There is one very surprising omission from the breathtaking range of Komesar's oeuvre, however: he has never directly applied his framework to crises. My aim in this Article is to advance, at...