Recent key challenges highlight the need to revisit Asia's financial development. These include the region's growth slowdown since the global crisis, compounded by a less benign external environment; internal structural challenges, such as population aging; and the maturing of much of the region...

An all-inclusive financial system is one of the channels through which information and communication technology (ICT) affects economic growth. Digital financial inclusion is an evolving phenomenon that enhances the ease of access to and availability of formal financial services. Further,...

Laeven, Klingebiel, and Kroszner investigate the link between financial crises and industry growth. They analyze data from 19 industrial and developing countries that have experienced financial crises during the past 30 years to investigate how financial crises affect sectors dependent on...

Studies on the finance-growth link use different proxy variables for financial development. Among the most used is the total credit share in the GDP. Previous empirical studies show to be sensitive to the choice of the finance proxy indicator. Total credit share in the GDP appears biased in...

Finnish businesses face fewer financial challenges than their European peers. To the extent financial challenges do exist, they disproportionately affect young, small, innovative, internationally focused, and growth-seeking companies. Our findings are based on extensive firm-level data. The data...

Finnish businesses face fewer financial challenges than their European peers. To the extent financial challenges do exist, they disproportionately affect young, small, innovative, internationally focused, and growth-seeking companies. Our findings are based on extensive firm-level data. The data...