Departing from previous literature, using bootstrapped autoregressive metric causality approach which is more robust against non-stationarity and break problems than lag augmented tests, this study analyzes causal relation between economic growth and energy consumption in the Next 11 countries....

Recent debates about renewable energy consumption manifest two main expectations. Firstly, renewable energy consumption should contribute to economic growth and secondly, it should not cause damage on environment. This study focuses on the first issue by applying Toda–Yamamoto procedure and...

This paper examines the relationship between natural gas consumption, economic growth and capital by using G-7 countries data and a bootstrap-corrected causality test for the period 1970–2008. It was found eight significant Granger causality relationships. For Italy, the Granger causality is...

This aim of this paper is to use asymmetric causality tests to examine the coal consumption and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) relationship in Turkey based on data from 1980 to 2006. To investigate this relationship, a multivariate system is employed by including fixed capital formation and labor...

This paper examines the renewable energy consumption–economic growth causality nexus in Turkey. Studies in the literature can be grouped as country-specific and multi-country studies. The results of these studies are inconsistent, and there is no agreement on the existence or the direction of...