Over the last few years, environmental issues have entered into policy design, particularly development and growth policies. Natural resources are considered necessary production inputs and environmental quality is considered a welfare determinant. The integration of environmental issues into...

We study the eventual structural differences of climate change leading ‘actors' such as Northern EU countries, and ‘lagging actors' - southern EU countries and the ‘Umbrella group' - with regard to long run (1960-2001) carbon-income relationships. Parametric and semi parametric panel...