In recent decades conservation advocates have often emphasized the contributions of ecosystem services to the production of other products. A demonstration of the value of ecosystems as inputs into production would motivate their conservation. Such arguments often offer the observation that...

There has been great interest in recent decades in “ecosystem services”. One of the services most often mentioned is the retention of nutrients. I construct a simple model of agricultural land use under a regulatory requirement that nutrient loading cannot exceed a fixed ceiling develop...

There has been considerable recent interest in the idea that farms can produce both food and a variety of ecosystem services. One particularly intriguing notion is that farmers might find it in their own interest to adopt an “ecosystem services” approach to production in preference to a...