Early studies of educational achievement in developing countries emphasized the effects of material inputs (such as textbooks) over teaching practices and classroom organization. This paper examines how five teaching practices affected the achievements of fifth grade students in the Philippines...

Past research from Third World countries shows that school related factors have stronger effects on student achievement than do family background factors. However this paper finds that prior work suffered from conceptual and methodological flaws, and it suggests that once these shortcomings are...

This paper provides evidence regarding the effects of schools, teachers and teaching processes on enhancing eighth grade mathematics achievement in Nigeria and Swaziland. A principal conclusion is that the achievement of students in both countries was significantly affected by the...

What makes one school more effective than another - particularly which inputs and management practices most efficiently enhance student achievement - has become the center of lively debate in the literature. Which method to use to compare school effects particularly concerns analysts. The model...

The authors use a multilevel modeling procedure to explore 1) the percentage of variance in secondary school achievement in Brazil that could be attributed to the types of school attended, 2) differences between schools in students'achievement in mathematics and Portuguese, and 3) differences...

A key consideration in the policy debate on the appropriate role of private schools in predominantly public school systems is cost effectiveness. The questions are: Do private school students learn more than their counterparts, and is it more or less expensive to educate students in private...