To provide evidence on the drivers of the quality of education in the country, this study focuses on the correlates of test performance of 15-year-old students in the Philippines. It aims to quantitatively measure the roles of individual, family, and school characteristics in test performance....

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (Pantawid Pamilya) remains the main social protection strategy of the government with its objective of breaking the intergenerational transmission of poverty by helping poor households invest in the health and education of their children. Previous impact...

Which children benefit from conditional cash transfers (CCT)? Using a sample of poor and near-poor households in the Philippines, we show that children in households that receive cash transfers from 4Ps, the country's flagship anti-poverty program, have parents with relatively low educational...