This note explains the equivalence between approximate rationalizability and approximate cost-rationalizability within … the context of consumer demand. In connection with these results, we interpret Afriat’s (1973) critical cost efficiency … index (CCEI) as a measure of cost (in)efficiency, in the sense that a consumer is spending more money than is required to …

, cost structure, credit quality, and stability. It also examines the difference in the response of two types of banks during … outperformed conventional banks with regard to their credit quality and stability indicators during the trough phase of the …

in absolute terms are characterized. Efficiency and stability are shown to be incompatible, but partial subsidizing is …-players involved, there is the question of stability. We introduce and characterize a notion of marginal equilibrium, where all nodes … about node-players' information and is necessary for Nash equilibrium and for pairwise stability. Second, efficient networks …

This paper develops a formal model of exchange network stability that combines expected value theory (Friedkin 1995 …