This paper examines elasticity of substitution among electricity, labor and capital in U.S. manufacturing industry, using cross section data of 2007. In this analysis, Manufacturing industries were categorized into three categories based on input use and technology. Translog homothetic and...

Estimates of price substitution among capital, labor, and energy are critical to numerous policy issues. Estimating factor share equations of the translog production function requires constant returns to scale and competitive factor markets. The present estimates find mixed evidence on these...