Cyber security is a very controversial subject that probably has started even the early days of the Internet. Yet strategies and dedication by entities to adopt an effective cyber security appears to be inadequate to a certain degree. What anybody with terror purpose, through the Internet, can...

Online hacking from China, Iran, North Korea, Russia, and other parts of the world has caught the attention of U.S. policymakers, commentators, and the American public. For example, the discussion of the systematic attacks launched by potentially government-sponsored Chinese hackers reinforces...

Beyond doubt the humanity has entered an age of data dominance. As the need for safety and predictability grows, it becomes increasingly difficult to balance security and individual civil liberties. Therefore, the balance between security and these liberties is not constant and perfect, given...

The scale and intensity of digital financial criminality has become more apparent and audacious over the past fifteen years. To counteract this escalating threat, financial technology (FinTech) and monetary and financial institutions (MFI) have attempted to upgrade their internal technological...

By now, almost every business has an internet presence, and is likely engaged in e-commerce. What are the major risks perceived by those engaged in e-commerce and electronic payment systems? What potential risks, if they become reality, may cause substantial increases in operating costs or...

Coherent, adaptable and durable cybersecurity capacity-building requires a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of harms that can be caused by cyber-events. At the national level, the avoidance and reduction of harm is a central feature in all efforts to develop cybersecurity policy,...

Why are some countries better prepared against cyber attacks than others? Whilst previous studies have revealed discrepancies in countries' cyber readiness, there has not been any rigorous analysis which attempts to explain this variation. Based upon a new dataset (the Country Cyber Capability...