This paper describes cash equity markets in Germany and their evolution against the background of technological and regulatory transformation. The development of these secondary markets in the largest economy in Europe is first briefly outlined from a historical perspective. This serves as the...

After exchanges and alternative trading venues have introduced electronic execution mechanisms worldwide, the focus of the securities trading industry shifted to the use of fully electronic trading engines by banks, brokers and their institutional customers. These Algorithmic Trading engines...

Stock markets in the Gulf Region have experienced a significant growth in the recent past. Market performance, trading activity and market capitalization have increased by nearly triple digits annually.This development implicates two effects: on the one hand financial markets gain more...