This report analyses and evaluates the information reported by European Union Member States on their implementation of the EU Emissions Trading System Directive (EU ETS Directive, EU, 2003). It takes into consideration information reported for 2016 and previous years (2015, 2014, 2013) under...

This is a technical report that analyses and evaluates the national responses under Article 21 of the EU Emissions Trading System Directive (EU ETS Directive). It takes into consideration information reported for 2018 and also takes into account responses from previous years of the third period...

This report analyses and evaluates the information reported by European Union Member States (MS) on their implementation of the EU Emissions Trading System Directive (EU ETS Directive). It takes into consideration information reported for 2017 (based on national responses submitted in 2018) and...

Article 21 of the EU ETS Directive requires all EU ETS implementing countries to submit an annual report on the application of the Directive in their country by 30 June of each year ("the Article 21 reports" or "country reports" hereinafter). These Article 21 reports provide feedback on how a...

The findings from the IPCC (2018) report led the EU to review the ambition of its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the Paris Agreement and subsequently the European Commission announced the European Green Deal in December 2019, which proposes to raise the ambition level of the EU's...

In the discussion on the potential risk of carbon leakage related to the EU ETS and the effect of safeguard measures, the scope for passing through carbon costs in final product prices is deemed a key issue. This study investigates whether and to what extent ETS-related carbon costs have indeed...