Using micro-level data, we attempt to identify the causal relationship between energy efficiency and firm growth in 6 countries (France, Germany, Japan, Korea, the U.K., and the U.S.) and 22 manufacturing industries during the period of 1990-2005. We run a panel regression of firm growth in a...

Large and energy-intensive infrastructure investments with long life times have substantial implications for climate policy. This study focuses on options to scale down energy consumption and carbon emissions now and in the future, and on the costs of doing so. Two ways carbon emissions can be...